HUMAN CAPITAL AS THE BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SMALL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE POLTAVA REGION
Abstract
Human capital is considered to be one of the main factors driving economic and social transformation. Businesses define their human capital as a competitive advantage, taking into account the totality of its knowledge, competences and abilities. The rational use of human capital contributes to the development of small business, which in turn contributes to the employment of the employment population and is the main indicator of the realization of human capital opportunities. The article uses a wide range of theoretical and empirical methods of scientific knowledge: theoretical generalization – in refining the conceptual apparatus “human capital”; scientific abstraction – in determining the categorical apparatus of “entrepreneurial competence”; statistical methods of comparative analysis – in determining the main indicators of small business development in Poltava region; graphic image – in visualizing the results of the study. The concept of “human capital” was a study and conditionally divided this definition into two groups. The first group includes definitions that reflect the essence of human capital in a narrow sense as a body of knowledge, the second group of definitions characterizes a more general approach to the concept of human capital. The main indicators of small business development in the Poltava region are analyzed and the correlation between the development of small businesses in the regions and human capital is determined. It is found that modern scholars do not define the value of entrepreneurial competence as a component of human capital. The structure of entrepreneurial competence, which includes components: organizational-managerial, pilot-project, investor, communicative, personal, which need to be developed in the course of study at higher educational establishments for successful business activity is proposed. Activities and proposals for improving the quality of human capital, taking into account the formation of entrepreneurial competence were developed.
References
1. Bekker G. (2003). Chelovecheskoe povedenye: Ekonomycheskyi pokhod [Human Behavior: An Economic Campaign]. Moscow : GUVSHE. [in Russian]
2. Bilova Yu.A. (2013). Poniattia ta struktura pidpryiemnytskoi kompetentnosti maibutnikh fakhivtsiv ekonomichnoho profiliu [The concept and structure of entrepreneurial competence of future specialists of economic profile]. Updating the content, forms and methods of education and training in educational institutions, 7, 15–17. [in Ukrainian]
3. Borodina O. (2003). Liudskyi kapital yak osnovne dzherelo ekonomichnoho zrostannia [Human capital as the main source of economic growth]. Ukraine economy, 7(500), 48–53. [in Ukrainian]
4. Volgyn N. (2006). Ekonomyka truda: Uchebnyoe posobye [Labor Economics: Study Guide]. Moscow. [in Russian]
5. Gavrilenko Y.M., Dudko A.V. (2017). Problemy suchasnoi pedahohichnoi osvity [The concept of “entrepreneurial competence”: pedagogical context and regional aspect]. Problems of modern pedagogical education, 54–1, 74–82. [in Ukrainian]
6. Golikova N.V. (2004). Liudskyi kapital yak faktor zrostannia ta rozvytku ekonomiky [Human capital as a factor of economic growth and development]. (PhD Thesis), Kyiv : Institute for Economic Forecasting. [in Ukrainian]
7. Golovai N.B. (2005). Liudskyi kapital v oblikovo-analitychnii systemi pidpryiemstva [Human capital in the accounting and analytical system of the enterprise]. Proceedings of the conference: Concept of development of accounting, analysis and audit in the conditions of international integration (Kyiv, Ukraine, April 20–22), Kyiv. [in Ukrainian]
8. Golovinov O.M. (2004). Liudskyi kapital u systemi vyrobnychykh vidnosyn : monohrafiia [Human capital in the system of industrial relations : a monograph]. Donetsk : Don DUET. [in Ukrainian]
9. Golovko O.S. (2014). Liudskyi kapital yak resurs ekonomichnoho rozvytku [Human capital as a resource for economic development]. Economic Nobel Bulletin, 1, 122–127. [in Ukrainian]
10. Grishnova O.A. (2001). Liudskyi kapital: formuvannia v systemi osvity i profesiinoi pidhotovky [Human capital: formation in the education and training system]. Kyiv. [in Ukrainian]
11. Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy [State Statistics Service of Ukraine]. Available at: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ (accessed 19 August 2019). [in Ukrainian]
12. Dorozhnia karta rozvytku pidpryiemnytstva v Ukraini: 2015–2017 roky. [Road map for public relations in Ukraine: 2015–2017]. Kyiv : Tsentr hromadskoi ekspertyzy, Tsentr mizhnarodnoho pryvatnoho pidpryiemnytstva. [in Ukrainian]
13. Korogydyn I.T. (2015). Ekonomycheskaia teoryia truda : uchebnoe posobye [Economic theory of labor : a training manual]. Moscow. [in Russian]
14 Korchagyn Yu. (2011). Chelovecheskyi kapytal – yntensyvnyi sotsyalno-ekonomycheskyi faktor razvytyia lychnosty, ekonomyky, obshchestva y hosudarstvennosty [Human capital is an intensive socio-economic factor in the development of the individual, economy, society and statehood]. [in Russian]
15. Kutsenko V.I., Yevtushenko G.I. (1999). Liudskyi kapital yak faktor sotsialnoho zakhystu naselennia: problemy zmitsnennia [Human capital as a factor of social protection of the population: problems of strengthening]. Employment and the labor market: scientific collection, 10, 136–145. [in Ukrainian]
16. Laryna Ya.S. (2012). Rozvytok liudskoho kapitalu v umovakh hlobalizatsii : monohrafiia [Human capital development in the context of globalization : a monograph]. Kyiv: Academy publishing house. [in Ukrainian]
17. Lukyanchenko N.D., Muromets N.E. (2003). Ynvestytsyonnaia podderzhka kachestva personala predpryiatyia [Investment support for the quality of enterprise personnel]. Donetsk: Lebed LLC. [in Russian]
18. Meshcheryakov D.A. (1999). Kompetentnost subektov predprynymatelskoi deiatelnosty [Competence of business entities] (PhD Thesis), Voronezh : Voronezh State Technological Academy. [in Russian]
19. Protsenko O. (2013). Pidpryiemnytski vminnia yak skladnyk zhyttievoi kompetentnosti uchniv profesiino-tekhnichnykh navchalnykh zakladiv [Entrepreneurial skills as a component of vital competence of students of vocational schools]. Pedagogy of creative personality formation in higher and secondary schools, 30(83), 298–301. [in Ukrainian]
20. Rozhkov G. (2009). Henezys ynnovatsyonnoi ekonomyky v Rossyy [The Genesis of Innovation Economics in Russia]. Moscow : Max press. [in Russian]
21. Serebrennikova E.A. (2015). Problema formyrovanyia poniatyia “predprynymatelskaia kompetentsyia” [The problem of the formation of the concept of “entrepreneurial competence”]. Pedagogy and psychology, 12(5), 144–151. [in Ukrainian]
22. Skoblyakova I.V. (2008). Vosproyzvodstvo yndyvydualnoho y obshchestvennoho chelovecheskoho kapytala v postyndustryalnoi ekonomyke [Reproduction of individual and social human capital in a post-industrial economy]. Oryol: Oryol State Technical University. [in Russian]
23. Fisher S., Dornbusch R., Shmalenzi R. (1998). Economyka [Economy]. Moscow : Delo. [in Russian]
24. DeSeCo. Definition and Selection of Competencies. Theoretical and Conceptual Foundations (DESECO). Strategy Paper on Key Competencies. An Overarching Frame of Reference for an Assessment and Research Program – OECD (Draft). Available at: http://www.deseco.admin.ch/ (accessed 19 Aygust 2019)
