THE RELEVANCE OF THE PARADIGM OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT REGARDING THE TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY IN UKRAINE
Abstract
The process of transformation of the energy sector of Ukraine on the basis of the principles of sustainable development is considered. State policy is aimed at providing the country’s economy and its population with sufficient energy and quality at reasonable rates while preserving the environment. Analysis of decisions on the practical implementation of the proposed measures in Ukraine, despite their effectiveness in developed countries, shows that some of them need to be adjusted because they do not take into account the solvency of the population, the current state of the fuel and energy sector and more. The need for a comprehensive, multi-level approach to addressing interrelated issues of energy, financial and environmental security of the state is shown. Today in Ukraine energy supply systems are an example of inefficient use of fuel and energy resources. In addition, the social orientation of public policy contributes to the growing crisis in the energy sector. At the same time, air pollution by emissions of greenhouse gases and pollutants is increasing. The installation of alternative energy sources – solar and wind power plants – solves the problem of “thermal pollution” of the atmosphere, but significantly increases both the purchase price of electricity and the price for end consumers. The necessity of transformation of the electricity market is substantiated. The priority of the state policy should be the transition from a fixed price of energy produced by alternative sources to auctions for its supply, further liberalization of the electricity market and stimulating competition among its suppliers in accordance with Ukraine’s commitments to the European Energy Community. The meaning of the process of ecological and energy optimization is not the replacement of one energy source by another, but economic and industrial transformation, decarbonization and decentralization. The above necessitates the development of theoretical and methodological and practical recommendations for the development of energy policy on the basis of sustainable development. To address these issues, measures are proposed to improve the requirements of current regulations and legislation in Ukraine to regulate the energy sector of the state.
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