RESEARCH OF THE EXTERNAL FACTORS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST INDUSTRY OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Currently, the tourist industry in Ukraine is in a state of chaotic, fragmented, slow development. There is a weak and fragmented state policy due to the lack of a single direction, the vision of the industry, the lack of continuity of policies, etc. Human resources and, as a result, the level of service is at an undue level. The investment climate does not correspond to the large attraction of foreign capital for the development of the industry. The private sector, which is the main engine of the tourism industry, is under pressure from state structures, barriers, unfree competition. The state has so far created insufficient conditions for the development of private enterprises in the tourism industry. This is a brief description of the pressing problems of the industry that we encountered in the research process. Tourism in Ukraine is not in decline, but at the same time not in a turbulent stage of development. At the end of the study there are conclusions and recommendations for state bodies are made. The main problems in various areas of the tourism industry of Ukraine: infrastructure, public policy, human resources, attracting investment. The article discusses the main groups of external factors that determine the possibility of implementing various types of tourism in Ukraine. Criteria are defined and development factors are systematized. The effect of external and internal factors is investigated. The article summarizes the factors influencing the development of the tourism industry based on the use of SWOT-analysis. It has been established that the development of tourism activities is slowed down by technological backwardness, the obsolescence of the material and technical base, insignificant investments in the development of tourism enterprises, and low competitiveness of the domestic tourism product. The article discusses the classification of factors influencing the development of tourism. Four groups of external factors for the development of the tourism industry have been identified: political, economic, socio-demographic, and scientific and technical factors. The degree of influence of each factor on the development of tourism is justified in detail.